美国医疗基础设施可达性的收入差距：一项地理信息系统分析。
Income disparities in driving distance to health care infrastructure in the United States: a geographic information systems analysis.
机构信息
Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, 1225 Central Drive HPNP 2338, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
出版信息
BMC Res Notes. 2022 Jun 27;15(1):225. doi: 10.1186/s13104-022-06117-w.
OBJECTIVE
Inequities in access to health care contribute to persisting disparities in health care outcomes. We constructed a geographic information systems analysis to test the association between income and access to the existing health care infrastructure in a nationally representative sample of US residents. Using income and household size data, we calculated the odds ratio of having a distance > 10 miles in nonmetropolitan counties or > 1 mile in metropolitan counties to the closest facility for low-income residents (i.e., < 200% Federal Poverty Level), compared to non-low-income residents.
RESULTS
We identified that in 954 counties (207 metropolitan counties and 747 nonmetropolitan counties) representing over 14% of the US population, low-income residents have poorer access to health care facilities. Our analyses demonstrate the high prevalence of structural disparities in health care access across the entire US, which contribute to the perpetuation of disparities in health care outcomes.
目的
医疗保健获取方面的不平等导致医疗保健结果持续存在差异。我们构建了一个地理信息系统分析，以测试美国居民的全国代表性样本中收入与现有医疗保健基础设施获取之间的关联。我们使用收入和家庭规模数据，计算了距离最近的设施（即<200%联邦贫困线）的低收入居民（即<200%联邦贫困线）的可能性，与非低收入居民相比，在非大都市县的距离> 10 英里或在大都市县的距离> 1 英里的可能性。
结果
我们发现，在代表超过 14%的美国人口的 954 个县（207 个大都市县和 747 个非大都市县）中，低收入居民获得医疗保健设施的机会较差。我们的分析表明，美国各地普遍存在医疗保健获取方面的结构性差异，这导致了医疗保健结果差异的持续存在。
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