社会经济地位、生物衰老与美国老年男女多样化样本中的记忆。
Socioeconomic Status, Biological Aging, and Memory in a Diverse National Sample of Older US Men and Women.
机构信息
From the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (J.A.-R., I.C.T., J.M.J.V., D.S., V.R.W., J.J.M.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center (J.A.-R., I.C.T., J.M.J.V., D.S., V.R.W., J.J.M.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Department of Neurology (J.A.-R., I.C.T., J.M.J.V., D.S., V.R.W., J.J.M.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care (J.M.J.V.), Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology (P.E., D.W.B.), Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York; and Butler Columbia Aging Center (D.W.B.), Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY.
出版信息
Neurology. 2022 Nov 8;99(19):e2114-e2124. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000201032. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Exposure to socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with early-onset cognitive aging. Biological aging, the progressive loss of system integrity that occurs as we age, is proposed as a modifiable process mediating this health inequality. We examined whether socioeconomic disparities in cognitive aging in mid-to late-life adults is explained by accelerated biological aging similarly across race, ethnicity, and sex/gender.
METHODS
Data were from a prospective cohort study of the US Health and Retirement Study DNA methylation substudy. Socioeconomic status (SES) was measured from years of education and household wealth at baseline. The extent and pace of biological aging were quantified using 3 DNA methylation measures: PhenoAge, GrimAge, and DunedinPoAm. Cognitive aging was measured from repeated longitudinal assessments of immediate and delayed word recall. Latent growth curve modeling estimated participants' level of memory performance and rate of decline over 2-11 follow-up assessments spanning 2-20 years. Multiple-group models were estimated to assess whether the relationship between SES and memory trajectories was mediated by biological aging across racial-ethnic by sex/gender subgroups.
RESULTS
Data from a total of 3,997 adults aged 50-100 years were analyzed. Participants with lower SES had a lower memory performance, had a faster decline, and exhibited accelerated biological aging (SES effect size associations [β] ranged from 0.08 to 0.41). Accelerated biological aging was associated with decreased memory performance and faster memory decline (effect size range 0.03-0.23). SES-biological aging associations were the strongest for White men and women and weakest for Latinx women. The relationship between biological aging measures and memory was weaker for Black participants compared with that for White and Latinx people. In mediation analysis, biological aging accounted for 4%-27% of the SES-memory gradient in White participants. There was little evidence of mediation in Black or Latinx participants.
DISCUSSION
Among a national sample of mid-to late-life adults, DNA methylation measures of biological aging were variably associated with memory trajectories and SES across White, Black, and Latinx mid-to late-life adults. These results challenge the assumption that DNA methylation biomarkers of aging that were developed in primarily White people can equivalently quantify aging processes affecting cognition in Black and Latinx mid-to late-life adults.
背景与目的
社会经济劣势与认知衰老的早发有关。生物衰老被认为是一种可改变的过程，它是随着年龄增长而发生的系统完整性逐渐丧失，被认为是造成这种健康不平等的中介因素。我们检验了在中年到老年成年人中，社会经济地位差异导致的认知衰老是否通过生物衰老来解释，而这种生物衰老在不同种族、民族和性别/性别群体中是否同样加速。
方法
本研究数据来自美国健康与退休研究 DNA 甲基化子研究的前瞻性队列研究。社会经济地位（SES）通过基线时的受教育年限和家庭财富来衡量。使用 3 种 DNA 甲基化指标来量化生物衰老的程度和速度：PhenoAge、GrimAge 和 DunedinPoAm。认知衰老通过对即时和延迟单词回忆的重复纵向评估来衡量。潜在增长曲线模型估计参与者在 2-11 次随访评估中记忆表现的水平和下降速度，随访时间跨度为 2-20 年。多组模型用于评估 SES 与记忆轨迹之间的关系是否通过不同种族-民族和性别/性别亚组的生物衰老来中介。
结果
共分析了 3997 名年龄在 50-100 岁的成年人的数据。SES 较低的参与者记忆表现较低，下降速度较快，并且表现出加速的生物衰老（SES 效应大小关联[β]范围为 0.08 至 0.41）。加速的生物衰老与记忆表现下降和记忆下降速度加快有关（效应大小范围为 0.03 至 0.23）。SES-生物衰老关联在白种男性和女性中最强，在拉丁裔女性中最弱。与白人和拉丁裔人群相比，黑种参与者的生物老化指标与记忆的关系较弱。在中介分析中，生物老化占白种参与者 SES-记忆梯度的 4%-27%。在黑种或拉丁裔参与者中几乎没有证据表明存在中介作用。
讨论
在全国性的中年到老年成年人样本中，生物衰老的 DNA 甲基化指标与白种、黑种和拉丁裔中年到老年成年人的记忆轨迹和 SES 之间存在差异关联。这些结果挑战了这样一个假设，即主要在白种人中开发的衰老 DNA 甲基化生物标志物可以等效地量化影响黑种和拉丁裔中年到老年成年人认知的衰老过程。
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