体内定量分析肠道细菌的营养偏好。
Gut bacterial nutrient preferences quantified in vivo.
机构信息
Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
出版信息
Cell. 2022 Sep 1;185(18):3441-3456.e19. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.07.020.
Great progress has been made in understanding gut microbiomes' products and their effects on health and disease. Less attention, however, has been given to the inputs that gut bacteria consume. Here, we quantitatively examine inputs and outputs of the mouse gut microbiome, using isotope tracing. The main input to microbial carbohydrate fermentation is dietary fiber and to branched-chain fatty acids and aromatic metabolites is dietary protein. In addition, circulating host lactate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and urea (but not glucose or amino acids) feed the gut microbiome. To determine the nutrient preferences across bacteria, we traced into genus-specific bacterial protein sequences. We found systematic differences in nutrient use: most genera in the phylum Firmicutes prefer dietary protein, Bacteroides dietary fiber, and Akkermansia circulating host lactate. Such preferences correlate with microbiome composition changes in response to dietary modifications. Thus, diet shapes the microbiome by promoting the growth of bacteria that preferentially use the ingested nutrients.
在理解肠道微生物组的产物及其对健康和疾病的影响方面已经取得了很大的进展。然而，人们对肠道细菌消耗的输入物关注较少。在这里，我们使用同位素示踪法定量研究了小鼠肠道微生物组的输入和输出。微生物碳水化合物发酵的主要输入物是膳食纤维，支链脂肪酸和芳香代谢物的主要输入物是膳食蛋白质。此外，循环宿主的乳酸、3-羟基丁酸和尿素（而不是葡萄糖或氨基酸）为肠道微生物组提供营养。为了确定细菌之间的营养偏好，我们追踪到属特异性细菌蛋白序列。我们发现营养利用存在系统性差异：厚壁菌门的大多数属更喜欢膳食蛋白质、拟杆菌门的膳食纤维和阿克曼氏菌属的循环宿主乳酸。这种偏好与响应饮食改变的微生物组组成变化相关。因此，饮食通过促进优先利用摄入营养物质的细菌的生长来塑造微生物组。
Zotero 插件