伊朗本土一些鼠尾草属植物精油的化学成分、胆碱酯酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。
Chemical composition, cholinesterase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the essential oils of some Iranian native Salvia species.
机构信息
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2023 Jun 3;23(1):184. doi: 10.1186/s12906-023-04004-w.
BACKGROUND
The plants from Salvia genus contain widely distributed species which have been used in folk medicine as well as pharmaceutical and food industries.
METHODS
The chemical composition of 12 native Iranian Salvia species (14 plants) was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Also, the inhibitory activity of all essential oils (EOs) was evaluated toward α-glucosidase and two types of cholinesterase (ChE) using spectrophotometric methods. The in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition assay was performed by the determination of p-nitrophenol (pNP) obtained from the enzymatic dissociation of p-nitrophenol-α-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG) as the substrate. In vitro ChE inhibitory assay was conducted based on the modified Ellman's procedure using the measurement of 5-thio-2-nitrobenzoic acid produced from the hydrolysis of thiocholine derivatives as the substrate, in the presence of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE).
RESULTS
Totally, 139 compounds were detected and caryophyllene oxide and trans-β-caryophyllene were the most abundant compounds in all EOs. The yield of EOs extracted from the plants were also calculated in the range of 0.06 to 0.96% w/w. Herein, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of 8 EOs was reported for the first time and among all, S. spinosa L. was found to be the most potent inhibitor (90.5 inhibition at 500 μg/mL). Also, the ChE inhibitory activity of 8 species was reported for the first time and our results showed that the BChE inhibitory effect of all EOs was more potent than that of AChE. The ChE inhibition assay indicated that S. mirzayanii Rech.f. & Esfand. collected from Shiraz was the most potent inhibitor (72.68% and 40.6% at the concentration of 500 μg/mL, toward AChE and BChE, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
It seems that native Salvia species of Iran could be considered in the development of anti-diabetic and anti-Alzheimer's disease supplements.
背景
鼠尾草属植物含有广泛分布的物种，这些物种被广泛应用于民间医学以及制药和食品工业。
方法
采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）对 12 种伊朗本地鼠尾草属植物（14 种植物）的化学成分进行了鉴定。同时，采用分光光度法评估了所有精油（EOs）对α-葡萄糖苷酶和两种类型的胆碱酯酶（ChE）的抑制活性。体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制试验通过测定酶解 p-硝基苯-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（pNPG）得到的对硝基苯酚（pNP）来进行，pNPG 为该试验的底物。体外 ChE 抑制试验是根据改良的 Ellman 程序进行的，使用测量硫代胆碱衍生物水解生成的 5-硫代-2-硝基苯甲酸作为底物，同时使用乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE）。
结果
总共检测到 139 种化合物，石竹烯氧化物和反式-β-石竹烯是所有 EOs 中含量最丰富的化合物。还计算了从植物中提取 EOs 的产率，范围在 0.06%至 0.96%（w/w）之间。本文首次报道了 8 种 EOs 的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性，其中，S. spinosa L. 被发现是最有效的抑制剂（在 500μg/mL 时抑制率为 90.5%）。此外，本文还首次报道了 8 种植物的 ChE 抑制活性，结果表明，所有 EOs 对 BChE 的抑制作用均强于 AChE。ChE 抑制试验表明，来自设拉子的 S. mirzayanii Rech.f. & Esfand. 是最有效的抑制剂（在 500μg/mL 时，对 AChE 和 BChE 的抑制率分别为 72.68%和 40.6%）。
结论
伊朗本地的鼠尾草属植物可能被认为是开发抗糖尿病和抗老年痴呆症补充剂的候选物。
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