空气污染对老年人在体力活动和久坐行为期间健康的影响：系统综述。
Impact of air pollution on the health of the older adults during physical activity and sedentary behavior: A systematic review.
机构信息
Health and Sports Science Center, Department of Physical Education, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, 88035-901, Brazil.
Physical Therapy Graduate Program, Santa Catarina State University, 88080-350, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
出版信息
Environ Res. 2023 Oct 1;234:116519. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116519. Epub 2023 Jun 29.
BACKGROUND
Air pollution, in addition to presenting health risks, can impact the practice of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in older adults. This study analyzed the impact of air pollution on the health of older adults during PA and SB, through a systematic review.
METHODS
A keyword and reference search was performed in PubMed, SCOPUS, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. Predetermined selection criteria included study designs: interventions or experiments, retrospective or prospective cohort studies, cross-sectional studies and case-control studies; population: older adults aged 60 years or older; exposures: specific air pollutants (particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), black carbon (CN), ultrafine particles (PU), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and biomass fuels) indoors and outdoors; and outcomes: physical activity and/or sedentary behavior.
RESULTS
The beneficial effects of PA were attenuated or harmed in 11 studies, showing negative impacts on the health of the older adults, mainly by PM pollutants. On the other hand, in 10 studies the effects of PA were greater than the negative effects of air pollutants, with a greater frequency in relation to PM. In general, even the articles presenting controversial results suggest that practicing PA in polluted environments is more favorable to the health of older adults than remaining in SB.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
On the one hand, air pollution negatively impacted the health of the older adults during PA practices, while on the other hand, PA can mitigate the negative effects of pollutants on the health of older adults during the practices. Evidence shows that practicing PA in environments with low concentrations of pollutants can provide gains and reduce health risks. Remaining in SB in environments with high levels of air pollution worsens the health of older adults.
背景
空气污染除了带来健康风险外，还会影响老年人进行身体活动（PA）和久坐行为（SB）。本研究通过系统评价分析了空气污染对老年人在 PA 和 SB 期间健康的影响。
方法
在 PubMed、SCOPUS、SPORTDiscus 和 Web of Science 中进行了关键词和参考文献搜索。预定的选择标准包括研究设计：干预或实验、回顾性或前瞻性队列研究、横断面研究和病例对照研究；人群：年龄在 60 岁或以上的老年人；暴露：室内和室外的特定空气污染物（颗粒物（PM）、二氧化氮（NO2）、臭氧（O3）、一氧化碳（CO）、二氧化硫（SO2）、黑碳（CN）、超细颗粒（PU）、氮氧化物（NOx）和生物质燃料）；结局：身体活动和/或久坐行为。
结果
有 11 项研究表明 PA 的有益效果减弱或受到损害，对老年人的健康产生负面影响，主要是由 PM 污染物引起的。另一方面，在 10 项研究中，PA 的效果大于空气污染物的负面影响，与 PM 相关的频率更高。总的来说，即使是提出有争议结果的文章也表明，在污染环境中进行 PA 比保持 SB 更有利于老年人的健康。
讨论和结论
一方面，空气污染对老年人进行 PA 时的健康产生负面影响，另一方面，PA 可以减轻污染物对老年人进行 PA 时健康的负面影响。证据表明，在污染物浓度较低的环境中进行 PA 可以带来收益并降低健康风险。在空气污染水平较高的环境中保持 SB 会使老年人的健康状况恶化。
Zotero 插件