外泌体的生物发生、分泌和内化的细节。
The ins-and-outs of exosome biogenesis, secretion, and internalization.
机构信息
Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
出版信息
Trends Cell Biol. 2024 Feb;34(2):90-108. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.06.006. Epub 2023 Jul 26.
Abstract
Exosomes are specialized cargo delivery vesicles secreted from cells by fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with the plasma membrane (PM). While the function of exosomes during physiological and pathological events has been extensively reported, there remains a lack of understanding of the mechanisms that regulate exosome biogenesis, secretion, and internalization. Recent technological and methodological advances now provide details about MVB/exosome structure as well as the pathways of exosome biogenesis, secretion, and uptake. In this review, we outline our current understanding of these processes and highlight outstanding questions following on recent discoveries in the field.
摘要
外泌体是通过多泡体（MVB）与质膜（PM）融合从细胞中分泌的专门货物运输囊泡。虽然外泌体在生理和病理事件中的功能已经得到广泛报道，但对于调节外泌体生物发生、分泌和内化的机制仍缺乏了解。最近的技术和方法学进展现在提供了有关 MVB/外泌体结构以及外泌体生物发生、分泌和摄取途径的详细信息。在这篇综述中，我们概述了我们对这些过程的理解，并强调了该领域最近发现所带来的悬而未决的问题。
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