巴西首例报道氟雷拉纳滴剂（Exzolt® 5%）驱除牛体外寄生虫的疗效。
First report of the efficacy of a fluralaner-based pour-on product (Exzolt® 5%) against ectoparasites infesting cattle in Brazil.
机构信息
Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
Instituto de Pesquisas Desidério Finamor, Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2023 Sep 26;16(1):336. doi: 10.1186/s13071-023-05934-7.
BACKGROUND
This study describes the effectiveness of a novel active pharmaceutical ingredient, fluralaner (isoxazoline class), against important ectoparasites infesting cattle in Brazil.
METHODS
A total of 13 studies involving a 5% fluralaner-based pour-on formulation (Exzolt 5%; further referred to as Exzolt) were conducted. Specifically, the effectiveness of this formulation was studied against Rhipicephalus microplus (6 studies), Cochliomyia hominivorax larvae (4 studies), Dermatobia hominis larvae (1 study) and Haematobia irritans flies (2 studies).
RESULTS
The therapeutic efficacy of Exzolt was found to exceed 98% at 4 days post treatment (DPT), while persistent efficacy (> 90% efficacy) against repeated infestations of R. microplus was observed for up to 79 DPT. In field studies, ≥ 98% therapeutic efficacy was demonstrated at all study sites by 7 DPT, and a persistent efficacy (> 90% efficacy) was observed for 42, 49 or 56 DPT. Exzolt prevented C. hominivorax eggs from developing to the larval stage, thus mitigating the development of myiasis in cattle naturally and artificially infested with this screworm. The efficacy of Exzolt against D. hominis larvae was 98% at 3 DPT, while persistent efficacy (> 90% effectiveness) was found to last for up to 70 DPT. Against H. irritans, Exzolt showed therapeutic efficacy (≥ 90%) within the first day of treatment at both study sites, while persistent efficacy (≥ 90%) was observed for 7 DPT at one site and for 21 DPT at the other site.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, the results from these studies confirm that Exzolt is therapeutically efficacious against the most important ectoparasites infesting cattle in Brazil. The novel active pharmaceutical ingredient, fluralaner, provides a new treatment option for farmers to control cattle ectoparasites, especially where there is resistance to other chemical classes. In addition, an effective control of ectoparasites will improve overall cattle health and well-being as well as production.
背景
本研究描述了新型活性药物成分氟雷拉纳（异噁唑啉类）对巴西重要牛体外寄生虫的有效性。
方法
共进行了 13 项研究，涉及 5%氟雷拉纳浇泼剂（Exzolt 5%；以下简称 Exzolt）。具体而言，该制剂对硬蜱（6 项研究）、 Cochliomyia hominivorax 幼虫（4 项研究）、 Dermatobia hominis 幼虫（1 项研究）和 Haematobia irritans 蝇（2 项研究）的有效性进行了研究。
结果
Exzolt 在治疗后 4 天（DPT）的治疗效果超过 98%，而对重复感染的 R. microplus 长达 79 DPT 仍保持持续有效性（>90%的疗效）。在田间研究中，所有研究地点在 7 DPT 时均显示出≥98%的治疗效果，在 42、49 或 56 DPT 时观察到持续有效性（>90%的疗效）。Exzolt 可阻止 Cochliomyia hominivorax 卵发育成幼虫阶段，从而减轻牛自然和人工感染该螺旋蝇幼虫的蝇蛆病的发展。Exzolt 对 Dermatobia hominis 幼虫的疗效为 3 DPT 时的 98%，而在 70 DPT 时仍保持持续有效性（>90%的疗效）。对于 Haematobia irritans，Exzolt 在两个研究地点的治疗第一天内显示出治疗效果（≥90%），而在一个地点观察到 7 DPT 的持续有效性（≥90%），在另一个地点观察到 21 DPT 的持续有效性。
结论
总的来说，这些研究的结果证实，Exzolt 对巴西侵袭牛的最重要的体外寄生虫具有治疗效果。新型活性药物成分氟雷拉纳为农民控制牛体外寄生虫提供了一种新的治疗选择，特别是在对其他化学类别的药物存在抗性的情况下。此外，有效控制体外寄生虫将提高牛的整体健康和福利以及生产。
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