日本北部健康个体口腔和皮肤表面分离的葡萄球菌的流行情况、遗传特征和抗菌药物耐药性。

Prevalence, genetic characteristics, and antimicrobial resistance of staphylococcal isolates from oral cavity and skin surface of healthy individuals in northern Japan.

机构信息

Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari, Tobetsu 061-0293, Japan.

Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.

出版信息

J Infect Public Health. 2024 Aug;17(8):102488. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102488. Epub 2024 Jul 2.

DOI:10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102488

PMID:38970926

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Oral cavity is an ecological niche for colonization of staphylococci, which are a major bacterial species causing community-acquired infections in humans. In this study, prevalence, and characteristics of staphylococci in oral cavity and skin of healthy individuals were investigated in northern Japan.

METHODS

Saliva from oral cavity and swab from skin surface of hand were collected and cultured on selective media. Species of the isolates were identified genetically, and ST was determined for S. aureus and S. argenteus. Genes associated with antimicrobial resistance were detected by PCR.

RESULTS

Among 166 participants, a total of 75 S. aureus isolates were obtained from 61 individuals (37 %), and recovered more frequently in oral cavity (n = 48) than skin (n = 27). Among 23 STs identified in S. aureus isolates, ST8 (CC8), ST15 (CC15), and ST188 (CC1) were the most common (10 isolates each), with STs of CC1 being dominant (17 isolates). Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was isolated in the skin of two individuals and belonged to ST1 and ST6. Resistance to erythromycin and gentamicin associated with erm(A) and aac(6')-Ie-aph(2")-Ia, respectively, was more commonly found in ST5 and ST8 isolates. One S. argenteus isolate (ST2250, mecA-negative) was recovered from oral cavity of a participant (0.6 %). A total of 186 isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) were recovered from 102 participants and identified into 14 species, with S. warneri being the most common (n = 52), followed by S. capitis (n = 42), S. saprophyticus (n = 20) and S. haemolyticus (n = 19). mecA was detected in S. saprophyticus, S. haemolyticus, and S. caprae, while arginine-catabolic mobile element (ACME) in only S. capitis and S. epidermidis.

CONCLUSION

S. aureus was more prevalent in oral cavity than skin surface, belonging to three major STs, with CC1 being a dominant lineage. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was distinct depending on CoNS species.

摘要

背景

口腔是葡萄球菌定植的生态位，葡萄球菌是引起人类社区获得性感染的主要细菌之一。本研究在日本北部调查了健康个体口腔和皮肤中葡萄球菌的流行情况和特征。

方法

采集口腔唾液和手部皮肤拭子，接种于选择性培养基。通过基因鉴定分离株的种属，金黄色葡萄球菌和中间葡萄球菌的 ST 型采用 PCR 法确定。

结果

在 166 名参与者中，共从 61 名个体（37%）中获得了 75 株金黄色葡萄球菌分离株，其中口腔（n=48）比皮肤（n=27）更常分离到。在金黄色葡萄球菌分离株中鉴定出的 23 种 ST 中，ST8（CC8）、ST15（CC15）和 ST188（CC1）最为常见（各 10 株），CC1 型 ST 占优势（17 株）。两名参与者的皮肤中分离到耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA），分别属于 ST1 和 ST6。erm(A) 和 aac(6')-Ie-aph(2")-Ia 分别与红霉素和庆大霉素耐药相关，在 ST5 和 ST8 分离株中更为常见。口腔中分离到一株银色葡萄球菌（ST2250，mecA-阴性）（0.6%）。从 102 名参与者中分离出 186 株凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CoNS），并鉴定为 14 个种，其中以华纳葡萄球菌最为常见（n=52），其次是头状葡萄球菌（n=42）、腐生葡萄球菌（n=20）和溶血葡萄球菌（n=19）。在 S. saprophyticus、S. haemolyticus 和 S. caprae 中检测到 mecA，而仅在 S. capitis 和 S. epidermidis 中检测到精氨酸分解代谢移动元件（ACME）。