Goddard Katrina A B, Feuer Eric J, Umar Asad, Castle Philip E
Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2025 Jan 1;117(1):20-28. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djae204.
Improvements in cancer prevention and control are poised to be main contributors in reducing the burden of cancer in the United States. We quantify top opportunities to accelerate progress using projected life-years gained and deaths averted as measures. We project that over the next 25 years, realistic gains from tobacco control can contribute 0.4-17 million additional life-years gained per intervention and 8.4 million additional life-years gained from improving uptake of screening programs over the lifetime of 25 annual cohorts. Additional opportunities include addressing modifiable risk factors (excess weight, alcohol consumption), improving methods to prevent or treat oncogenic infections, and reducing cancer health disparities. Investment is needed in the pipeline of new preventive agents and technologies for early detection to continue progress. There is also a need for additional research to improve the access to and uptake of existing and emerging interventions for cancer prevention and control and to address health disparities. These gains are undeniably within our power to realize for the US population.
癌症预防与控制方面的进展有望成为减轻美国癌症负担的主要因素。我们以预期获得的生命年数和避免的死亡人数为衡量标准,对加速进展的首要机会进行量化。我们预计,在未来25年里,控烟措施若取得实际成效,每次干预可额外贡献40万至1700万个生命年,在25个年度队列的生命周期内,通过提高筛查项目的参与率可额外获得840万个生命年。其他机会包括解决可改变的风险因素(超重、饮酒)、改进预防或治疗致癌感染的方法以及减少癌症健康差距。需要对用于早期检测的新型预防药物和技术进行投资,以持续取得进展。还需要开展更多研究,以改善获取和采用现有及新出现的癌症预防与控制干预措施的情况,并解决健康差距问题。对于美国民众而言,这些成果无疑是我们力所能及可以实现的。