孕期接触环境化学混合物与儿童认知能力：对两个北美出生队列的汇总分析。
Gestational exposure to environmental chemical mixtures and cognitive abilities in children: A pooled analysis of two North American birth cohorts.
作者信息
Puvvula Jagadeesh, Hwang Wei-Ting, McCandless Lawrence, Xie Changchun, Braun Joseph M, Vuong Ann M, Oulhote Youssef, Schisterman Enrique F, Shinohara Russell T, Booij Linda, Bouchard Maryse F, Linn Kristin, Borghese Michael M, Seguin Jean R, Zidek Angelika, Till Christine, Fraser William, Yolton Kimberly, Cecil Kim M, Ashley-Martin Jillian, Arbuckle Tye E, Lanphear Bruce, Chen Aimin
机构信息
Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
出版信息
Environ Int. 2025 Feb;196:109298. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.109298. Epub 2025 Jan 29.
BACKGROUND
Gestational exposures to single toxic chemicals have been associated with cognitive deficits in children, but few studies have explored chemical mixtures.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the associations between gestational chemical biomarker mixtures and cognitive abilities in children from two prospective cohorts.
METHODS
This study includes 617 birthing parent-child pairs from the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) and Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Studies. We measured 29 chemical biomarkers (metals, persistent organic pollutants, perfluoroalkyl substances, organophosphate esters, phenols, phthalates, organophosphate pesticides, and parabens) in pregnant individuals during early pregnancy and their children's cognitive abilities at ages 3 to 5 years using Wechsler Intelligence Scales. We assessed linear associations using quantile g-computation and non-linear associations using Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) methods, adjusted for covariates.
RESULTS
Using quantile g-computation, we observed overall null associations between the chemical biomarker mixture and cognitive outcomes among preschool-age children. Although statistical significance was not attained for child sex as an effect modifier, our stratified analysis unveiled a moderate divergence in association trends. We noted a marginal inverse trend between the chemical biomarker mixture and cognitive scores [Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) & Performance Intelligence Quotient (PIQ)] among males. Using quantile g-computation and BKMR methods, we observed that PBDE47, PFHxS, and di-ethyl organophosphates commonly contributed towards a decline in FSIQ scores in males. Among males, a quartile increase in the chemical biomarker mixture was associated with a 0.64-point decrease (95% CI: -2.59, 1.31) in the FSIQ score and a 1.59-point decrease (95% CI: -3.72, 0.54) in the PIQ score.
CONCLUSION
In this study, we observed a weak negative trend between the gestational chemical biomarker mixture and cognitive scores (FSIQ/PIQ) among males. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings between the longitudinal chemical biomarkers and child cognitive scores at school ages.
背景
孕期暴露于单一有毒化学物质已被证明与儿童认知缺陷有关，但很少有研究探讨化学混合物的影响。
目的
评估两个前瞻性队列中孕期化学物质生物标志物混合物与儿童认知能力之间的关联。
方法
本研究纳入了来自健康结果与环境测量（HOME）研究和母婴环境化学物质研究（MIREC）的617对母婴。我们在孕早期测量了孕妇体内的29种化学物质生物标志物（金属、持久性有机污染物、全氟烷基物质、有机磷酸酯、酚类、邻苯二甲酸盐、有机磷农药和对羟基苯甲酸酯），并使用韦氏智力量表在儿童3至5岁时测量了他们的认知能力。我们使用分位数g计算评估线性关联，使用贝叶斯核机器回归（BKMR）方法评估非线性关联，并对协变量进行了调整。
结果
使用分位数g计算，我们观察到化学物质生物标志物混合物与学龄前儿童认知结果之间总体无关联。虽然未将儿童性别作为效应修饰因素得出统计学显著性，但我们的分层分析揭示了关联趋势的适度差异。我们注意到化学物质生物标志物混合物与男性认知分数[全量表智商（FSIQ）和操作智商（PIQ）]之间存在微弱的负向趋势。使用分位数g计算和BKMR方法，我们观察到多溴二苯醚47（PBDE47）、全氟己烷磺酸（PFHxS）和二乙基有机磷酸酯通常会导致男性FSIQ分数下降。在男性中，化学物质生物标志物混合物增加一个四分位数与FSIQ分数下降0.64分（95%CI：-2.59，1.31）和PIQ分数下降1.59分（95%CI：-3.72，0.54）相关。
结论
在本研究中，我们观察到孕期化学物质生物标志物混合物与男性认知分数（FSIQ/PIQ）之间存在微弱的负向趋势。需要进一步研究来证实纵向化学物质生物标志物与学龄儿童认知分数之间的关系。
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