Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Vasorelaxant Effects of Ethanolic Extract from the Seeds of .

Arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus are components of the cardiometabolic syndrome that arises from a sedentary lifestyle, excess calorie intake, and obesity. Swietenia humilis Zucc has been used in traditional Mexican medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus; this work investigated the antioxidant, antidiabetic, and vasorelaxant effects of ethanolic extract of S. humilis seeds. The phytochemical composition of the extract was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. To study the hypoglycemic effect, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) and markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2-desoxyguanosine) were evaluated in the model of diabetes mellitus induced by nicotinamide and streptozotocin in rats. The vasodilatory effect of the extract was tested in rat aortic rings. The ethanolic extract of seeds of Swietenia humilis showed antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effects, probably by blocking calcium transport, likely due to ursolic acid and α-amyrin, phytochemical compounds more abundant in the extract.