利用职业暴露矩阵为伊利诺伊州芝加哥市非医护人员的新冠疫苗推广提供信息。
Use of Job Exposure Matrices to Inform COVID-19 Vaccine Promotion Among Non-Health Care Workers in Chicago, Illinois.
作者信息
Lendacki Frances R, Forst Linda, Mehta Supriya D, Kerins Janna L
机构信息
From the Chicago Department of Public Health, Disease Control Bureau, Chicago, Illinois (F.R.L., J.L.K.); School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (F.R.L., L.F., S.D.M.); and Division of Infectious Disease Medicine, Department of Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois (S.D.M.).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2025 Apr 1;67(4):245-252. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003308. Epub 2025 Jan 24.
BACKGROUND
Occupation, a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 exposure, is excluded from immunization records. Identifying undervaccinated workers could optimize interventions to protect vulnerable populations.
METHODS
We analyzed health department case interviews (June 2021 to May 2022) to describe 3763 non-health care workers with COVID-19 in Chicago. Job exposure matrices categorized SARS-CoV-2 exposure risk through frequency of indoor work and proximity to the public and to coworkers. Logistic regression quantified associations between occupational risk and vaccination status.
RESULTS
Pre-Omicron vaccination rates were lower among high-risk versus lower-risk workers (41% vs. 49%). Post-Omicron rates did not differ (75%). Undervaccinated groups had disproportionately high occupational risk: 66% of Black-non-Latinx, 57% of 18- to 29-year-olds. Demographically adjusted models found no associations between occupational risk and vaccination.
CONCLUSIONS
Given demographic patterns of employment, workplace-based COVID-19 vaccine promotion can help reach undervaccinated communities. To inform interventions, immunization records must include occupation.
背景
职业是感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的一个风险因素，但免疫记录中未包含此项信息。识别疫苗接种不足的工作人员有助于优化干预措施，以保护弱势群体。
方法
我们分析了卫生部门的病例访谈记录（2021年6月至2022年5月），以描述芝加哥3763名感染2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的非医护人员的情况。工作暴露矩阵通过室内工作频率以及与公众和同事的接触程度对SARS-CoV-2暴露风险进行分类。逻辑回归分析量化了职业风险与疫苗接种状况之间的关联。
结果
在奥密克戎毒株出现之前，高风险工作人员的疫苗接种率低于低风险工作人员（41%对49%）。奥密克戎毒株出现之后，二者的疫苗接种率没有差异（均为75%）。疫苗接种不足的群体职业风险过高：66%为非拉丁裔黑人，57%为18至29岁人群。经人口统计学调整的模型未发现职业风险与疫苗接种之间存在关联。
结论
鉴于就业的人口统计学模式，在工作场所推广COVID-19疫苗有助于覆盖疫苗接种不足的社区。为指导干预措施，免疫记录必须包含职业信息。
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