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解决美国老年人口腔健康获取途径和结果方面的差异问题。

Addressing disparities in oral health access and outcomes for aging adults in the United States.

作者信息

Lowenstein Adam, Singh Mabi L, Papas Athena S

机构信息

Department of Basic and Clinical Translational Sciences, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.

Division Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.

出版信息

Front Dent Med. 2025 Apr 1;6:1522892. doi: 10.3389/fdmed.2025.1522892. eCollection 2025.

Abstract

Oral health is essential for the overall well-being of aging adults, yet significant disparities persist in the United States, contributing to malnutrition, reduced quality of life, and social isolation. Despite advancements in preventive dentistry, older adults continue to face substantial oral health challenges. This study reviewed the current state of oral health among aging adults in the United States, analyzing national health surveys and existing preventive dentistry protocols to assess their effectiveness. National data indicated that a high percentage of older adults experience tooth loss, periodontal disease, and root caries. Results indicated that almost 40% of adults aged 65 and older have lost a significant number of teeth, and a large proportion of the aging adult population has suffered from high rates of caries and periodontal disease. Socioeconomic factors were found to significantly influence access to dental care. Key barriers included low income, inadequate insurance, and low oral health literacy exacerbating disparities. The study proposes a multifaceted approach to improve oral health equity, including policy changes, community-based preventive programs, enhanced geriatric dentistry education, and the integration of oral health into primary care. Addressing these disparities is needed to improve both oral and overall health outcomes for the growing elderly population in the United States.

摘要

口腔健康对老年人的整体健康至关重要,但美国仍存在显著差异,这些差异导致营养不良、生活质量下降和社会隔离。尽管预防牙科取得了进展,但老年人仍然面临重大的口腔健康挑战。本研究回顾了美国老年人的口腔健康现状,分析了全国健康调查和现有的预防牙科方案,以评估其有效性。国家数据表明,很大比例的老年人存在牙齿脱落、牙周疾病和根龋问题。结果显示,近40%的65岁及以上成年人牙齿大量缺失,而且很大一部分老年人群体患有高龋齿率和牙周疾病。研究发现社会经济因素会显著影响获得牙科护理的机会。主要障碍包括低收入、保险不足以及口腔健康素养低,这些因素加剧了差异。该研究提出了一种多方面的方法来改善口腔健康公平性,包括政策变革、基于社区的预防项目、加强老年牙科教育以及将口腔健康纳入初级保健。解决这些差异对于改善美国不断增长的老年人口的口腔和整体健康状况是必要的。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8784/11996817/faff50cb66ba/fdmed-06-1522892-g001.jpg

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