Hinze Christian, Berliner Dominik, Görler Adelheid, Taubert Richard, Gottlieb Jens
Klinik für Nieren- und Hochdruckerkrankungen, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland.
Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland.
Inn Med (Heidelb). 2025 Sep;66(9):885-895. doi: 10.1007/s00108-025-01951-z. Epub 2025 Aug 1.
Medical follow-up after the transplantation of solid organs is a key component in ensuring long-term survival of both the graft and the patient. This article outlines the essential principles of post-transplant care for recipients of heart, liver, lung, and kidney transplants. Across all organ types, certain core elements are universally important: monitoring of graft function, individualized adjustment of immunosuppressive therapy, early detection and treatment of rejection episodes, consistent prevention, recognition, and management of infections, professional care for comorbidities, and appropriate cancer screening. Despite these shared principles, there are significant differences between the various organ transplants in terms of potential complications, immunological risks, and monitoring strategies. Successful long-term outcomes depend heavily on close collaboration between transplant centers, specialists in private practice, and general practitioners.
实体器官移植后的医学随访是确保移植物和患者长期存活的关键组成部分。本文概述了心脏、肝脏、肺和肾移植受者移植后护理的基本原则。在所有器官类型中,某些核心要素普遍重要:监测移植物功能、个体化调整免疫抑制治疗、早期发现和治疗排斥反应、持续预防、识别和管理感染、对合并症的专业护理以及适当的癌症筛查。尽管有这些共同原则,但各种器官移植在潜在并发症、免疫风险和监测策略方面存在显著差异。长期成功的结果在很大程度上取决于移植中心、私人执业专科医生和全科医生之间的密切合作。