Ling Jianheng, Vonder Haar Amy L, Colley Kiser Z, Kim Juno, Musser Andrew J, Milner Phillip J
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Nat Chem. 2025 Aug 13. doi: 10.1038/s41557-025-01897-7.
The reductive functionalization of inert substrates such as chloroarenes is a critical yet challenging transformation relevant to both environmental remediation and organic synthesis. Combining electricity and light is an emerging strategy to access the deeply reducing potentials required for single electron transfer to chloroarenes, yet this approach is limited by poor stability and mechanistic ambiguity. Here we demonstrate heterogeneous electrophotocatalysis using redox-active rylene diimide polymers for the reduction of chloroarenes. We find that the electrophotocatalytic activity varies dramatically as a function of the rylene diimide and the redox-inactive polymer backbone. In particular, a flexible, non-conjugated perylenediimide polymer outperforms all other tested electrophotocatalysts. Transient absorption spectroscopy reveals that precomplexation between the doubly reduced perylenediimide and the haloarene substrate is key to productive catalysis. Overall, this work highlights heterogeneous electrophotocatalysis using insoluble redox-active organic materials and provides critical structure-property insights into solid-state electrophotocatalytic activity, informing the development of next-generation materials for sustainable synthesis.
氯代芳烃等惰性底物的还原官能团化是一种既关键又具有挑战性的转化反应,与环境修复和有机合成均相关。将电和光结合是一种新兴策略,以获得单电子转移至氯代芳烃所需的深度还原电位,但这种方法受到稳定性差和机理不明确的限制。在此,我们展示了使用氧化还原活性苝二酰亚胺聚合物进行非均相光电催化以还原氯代芳烃。我们发现,光电催化活性随苝二酰亚胺和氧化还原惰性聚合物主链的变化而显著不同。特别是,一种柔性、非共轭的苝二酰亚胺聚合物优于所有其他测试的光电催化剂。瞬态吸收光谱表明,双还原苝二酰亚胺与卤代芳烃底物之间的预络合是有效催化的关键。总体而言,这项工作突出了使用不溶性氧化还原活性有机材料的非均相光电催化,并为固态光电催化活性提供了关键的结构 - 性质见解,为可持续合成的下一代材料的开发提供了依据。