1994 - 1998年爱沙尼亚、芬兰和立陶宛的健康行为。标准化比较。

Health behaviour in Estonia, Finland and Lithuania 1994-1998. Standardized comparison.

作者信息

Puska Pekka, Helasoja Ville, Prättälä Ritva, Kasmel Anu, Klumbiene Jurate

机构信息

Department of Noncommunicable Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.

出版信息

Eur J Public Health. 2003 Mar;13(1):11-7. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/13.1.11.

DOI:10.1093/eurpub/13.1.11

PMID:12678308

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The Finbalt Health Monitor project collects standardized information on health and health-related behavioural activity and related trends in Finland and those Baltic countries that have major public health problems with noncommunicable diseases related to lifestyle and behavioural factors. The aims of this study were to compare patterns of and trends in selected health behaviours and their socioeconomic associations in Estonia, Finland and Lithuania in the period 1994-1998.

METHODS

Standardized questionnaires were posted to nationally representative samples in 1994, 1996 and 1998. Response rates varied between 62% and 83%. The total number of respondents was 3808 in Estonia, 9608 in Finland and 5716 in Lithuania. Prevalence of smoking, consumption of strong alcoholic beverages, use of vegetable oil in food preparation and leisure-time physical exercise were analysed in this study.

RESULTS

No major changes in daily smoking, consumption of strong alcoholic beverages and leisure-time physical exercise emerged. However, the use of vegetable oil increased rapidly in Estonia and particularly in Lithuania (from 41% to 81%). In 1994 the prevalence of daily smoking was 53%, 28% and 44% among men and 24%, 18% and 6% among women in Estonia, Finland and Lithuania, respectively. In Lithuania the prevalence of smoking among women was notably low but increased (from 6% to 13%). The prevalence of strong alcoholic beverage consumption was similar in all countries. Leisure-time physical exercise was most common in Finland. The socioeconomic differences remained similar in all countries, unhealthy behaviours were typical among the less educated groups and men, especially in the age groups 34-49 years.

CONCLUSIONS

The sociodemographic pattern of risk-related lifestyles appears to be rather similar and stable in Estonia, Finland and Lithuania. However, from the view point of possible public health implications the rapid changes in the prevalences of some behaviours are notable.

摘要

背景

芬兰-波罗的海健康监测项目收集了芬兰以及那些因与生活方式和行为因素相关的非传染性疾病而存在重大公共卫生问题的波罗的海国家的健康、与健康相关的行为活动及相关趋势的标准化信息。本研究的目的是比较1994年至1998年期间爱沙尼亚、芬兰和立陶宛特定健康行为的模式及趋势及其社会经济关联。

方法

1994年、1996年和1998年向具有全国代表性的样本发放标准化问卷。回复率在62%至83%之间。爱沙尼亚的受访者总数为3808人，芬兰为9608人，立陶宛为5716人。本研究分析了吸烟率、烈性酒精饮料消费量、烹饪中植物油的使用情况以及休闲时间体育锻炼情况。

结果

日常吸烟、烈性酒精饮料消费量和休闲时间体育锻炼方面未出现重大变化。然而，植物油的使用在爱沙尼亚尤其是立陶宛迅速增加（从41%增至81%）。1994年，爱沙尼亚、芬兰和立陶宛男性的日常吸烟率分别为53%、28%和44%，女性分别为24%、18%和6%。在立陶宛，女性吸烟率显著较低，但有所上升（从6%升至13%）。所有国家烈性酒精饮料的消费率相似。休闲时间体育锻炼在芬兰最为普遍。所有国家的社会经济差异保持相似，不健康行为在受教育程度较低的群体和男性中较为典型，尤其是在34至49岁年龄组。