塑料的应用及社会效益。
Applications and societal benefits of plastics.
作者信息
Andrady Anthony L, Neal Mike A
机构信息
Research Triangle Institute, Durham, NC 27709, USA.
出版信息
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 27;364(1526):1977-84. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0304.
Abstract
This article explains the history, from 1600 BC to 2008, of materials that are today termed 'plastics'. It includes production volumes and current consumption patterns of five main commodity plastics: polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene and polyethylene terephthalate. The use of additives to modify the properties of these plastics and any associated safety, in use, issues for the resulting polymeric materials are described. A comparison is made with the thermal and barrier properties of other materials to demonstrate the versatility of plastics. Societal benefits for health, safety, energy saving and material conservation are described, and the particular advantages of plastics in society are outlined. Concerns relating to littering and trends in recycling of plastics are also described. Finally, we give predictions for some of the potential applications of plastic over the next 20 years.
摘要
本文阐述了从公元前1600年至2008年如今被称作“塑料”的材料的历史。它涵盖了五种主要通用塑料的产量及当前消费模式：聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯。文中描述了使用添加剂来改变这些塑料的性能，以及由此产生的聚合材料在使用过程中任何相关的安全问题。将塑料与其他材料的热性能和阻隔性能进行了比较，以展示塑料的多功能性。阐述了塑料在健康、安全、节能和材料节约方面给社会带来的益处，并概述了塑料在社会中的特殊优势。还描述了与塑料垃圾及塑料回收趋势相关的问题。最后，我们对未来20年塑料的一些潜在应用进行了预测。
相似文献
1
Applications and societal benefits of plastics.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 27;364(1526):1977-84. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0304.
2
Recycling potential of post-consumer plastic packaging waste in Finland.
Waste Manag. 2018 Jan;71:52-61. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.10.033. Epub 2017 Oct 31.
3
Was there a scientific consensus about risks associated with the rising accumulation, deposition and interaction of multiple forms of plastics and leached additives in the environment? Preface.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 27;364(1526):1971. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2009.0030.
4
Mechanical Recycling of Packaging Plastics: A Review.
Macromol Rapid Commun. 2021 Feb;42(3):e2000415. doi: 10.1002/marc.202000415. Epub 2020 Sep 30.
5
Our plastic age.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 27;364(1526):1973-6. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2009.0054.
6
Plastics and health risks.
Annu Rev Public Health. 2010;31:179-94. doi: 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.012809.103714.
7
Plastics and food sources: dietary intervention to reduce BPA and DEHP.
Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Jul;119(7):A306. doi: 10.1289/ehp.119-a306b.
8
Life cycle assessment of a road safety product made with virgin and recycled HDPE.
Waste Manag Res. 2011 Apr;29(4):414-22. doi: 10.1177/0734242X10379146. Epub 2010 Aug 10.
9
Biodegradable and compostable alternatives to conventional plastics.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 27;364(1526):2127-39. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0289.
10
Compostability of bioplastic packaging materials: an overview.
Macromol Biosci. 2007 Mar 8;7(3):255-77. doi: 10.1002/mabi.200600168.
引用本文的文献
1
Nanoplastics from single-use polyethylene terephthalate bottles impair the functionality of human gut-dwelling and induce toxicity in human cells.
Nanoscale Adv. 2025 Jul 25. doi: 10.1039/d5na00613a.
2
The use of ATR-FTIR to track the degradation of single-use polystyrene cup lids during 24 months of temperate outdoor exposure.
PLoS One. 2025 Aug 20;20(8):e0330354. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0330354. eCollection 2025.
3
Top-down generated micro- and nanoplastics reduce macrophage viability without eliciting a pro-inflammatory response.
Microplast nanoplast. 2025;5(1):32. doi: 10.1186/s43591-025-00138-5. Epub 2025 Aug 1.
4
Impact of Di-(2-Ethylhexyl)-Phthalate on Metabolic Syndrome: Insights from Network Toxicology and Molecular Docking and Dynamics.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2025 Jul 8;18:2277-2288. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S523668. eCollection 2025.
5
An Advanced CNN-Based Framework for the Automated Detection of Uncovered PET in Recycling Streams.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Jun 22;17(13):1736. doi: 10.3390/polym17131736.
6
Flame Retardance and Antistatic Polybutylene Succinate/Polybutylene Adipate-Co-Terephthalate/Magnesium Composite.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Jun 17;17(12):1675. doi: 10.3390/polym17121675.
7
Microbial diversity analysis of municipal solid waste landfills soils of Delhi (NCR) and plastic dump sites of Uttar Pradesh region of India and their function prediction for plastic degrading enzymes.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2025 Jun 3;41(6):187. doi: 10.1007/s11274-025-04404-9.
8
Assessing the Impact of Nanoplastics in Biological Systems: Systematic Review of In Vitro Animal Studies.
J Xenobiot. 2025 May 17;15(3):75. doi: 10.3390/jox15030075.
9
Applicability of NMR spectroscopy to quantify microplastics across varying concentrations in polymer mixtures.
RSC Adv. 2025 Apr 23;15(17):13041-13052. doi: 10.1039/d5ra01174d. eCollection 2025 Apr 22.
10
An Update: Enzymatic Synthesis for Industrial Applications.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2025 Jul;64(27):e202505976. doi: 10.1002/anie.202505976. Epub 2025 May 16.
本文引用的文献
1
Plastics, the environment and human health: current consensus and future trends.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 27;364(1526):2153-66. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2009.0053.
2
Structuring policy problems for plastics, the environment and human health: reflections from the UK.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 27;364(1526):2141-51. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0283.
3
Plastics recycling: challenges and opportunities.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 27;364(1526):2115-26. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0311.
4
Phthalates and other additives in plastics: human exposure and associated health outcomes.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 27;364(1526):2097-113. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0268.
5
Components of plastic: experimental studies in animals and relevance for human health.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 27;364(1526):2079-96. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0281.
6
Human body burdens of chemicals used in plastic manufacture.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 27;364(1526):2063-78. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0208.
7
A critical analysis of the biological impacts of plasticizers on wildlife.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 27;364(1526):2047-62. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0242.
8
Transport and release of chemicals from plastics to the environment and to wildlife.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 27;364(1526):2027-45. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0284.
9
Environmental implications of plastic debris in marine settings--entanglement, ingestion, smothering, hangers-on, hitch-hiking and alien invasions.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 27;364(1526):2013-25. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0265.
10
Monitoring the abundance of plastic debris in the marine environment.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 27;364(1526):1999-2012. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0207.
Zotero 插件