动物中转座元件的小 RNA 介导的沉默。

Small RNA-mediated quiescence of transposable elements in animals.

机构信息

Department of Molecular Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.

出版信息

Dev Cell. 2010 Nov 16;19(5):687-97. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2010.10.011.

DOI:10.1016/j.devcel.2010.10.011

Abstract

Transposable elements (TEs) are major components of the intergenic regions of the genome. However, TE transposition has the potential to threaten the reproductive fitness of the organism; therefore, organisms have evolved specialized molecular systems to sense and repress the expression of TEs to stop them from jumping to other genomic loci. Emerging evidence suggests that Argonaute proteins play a critical role in this process, in collaboration with two types of cellular small RNAs: PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) of the germline and endogenous small interfering RNAs (endo-siRNAs) of the soma, both of which are transcribed from TEs themselves.

摘要

转座元件 (TEs) 是基因组基因间区的主要组成部分。然而，TE 的转座有可能威胁到生物体的生殖适应性；因此，生物体已经进化出专门的分子系统来感知和抑制 TEs 的表达，以阻止它们跳跃到其他基因组位点。新出现的证据表明，Argonaute 蛋白在这个过程中与两种类型的细胞小 RNA 合作发挥关键作用：生殖系的 PIWI 相互作用 RNA (piRNAs) 和体细胞的内源性小干扰 RNA (endo-siRNAs)，它们均由 TEs 自身转录而来。