基于碳纤维微纤维和碳纤维纳米纤维的吸附剂，用于去除水中的苯酚和铅。

Adsorbents based on carbon microfibers and carbon nanofibers for the removal of phenol and lead from water.

机构信息

Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, India.

出版信息

J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Jul 1;359(1):228-39. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.03.057. Epub 2011 Mar 30.

DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2011.03.057

Abstract

This paper describes the production, characteristics, and efficacy of carbon microfibers and carbon nanofibers for the removal of phenol and Pb(2+) from water by adsorption. The first adsorbent produced in the current investigation contained the ammonia (NH(3)) functionalized micron-sized activated carbon fibers (ACF). Alternatively, the second adsorbent consisted of a multiscale web of ACF/CNF, which was prepared by growing carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on activated ACFs via catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and sonication, which was conducted to remove catalytic particles from the CNF tips and open the pores of the CNFs. The two adsorbents prepared in the present study, ACF and ACF/CNF, were characterized by several analytical techniques, including SEM-EDX and FT-IR. Moreover, the chemical composition, BET surface area, and pore-size distribution of the materials were determined. The hierarchal web of carbon microfibers and nanofibers displayed a greater adsorption capacity for Pb(2+) than ACF. Interestingly, the adsorption capacity of ammonia (NH(3)) functionalized ACFs for phenol was somewhat larger than that of the multiscale ACF/CNF web. Difference in the adsorption capacity of the adsorbents was attributed to differences in the size of the solutes and their reactivity towards ACF and ACF/CNF. The results indicated that ACF-based materials were efficient adsorbents for the removal of inorganic and organic solutes from wastewater.

摘要

本文描述了通过吸附去除水中苯酚和 Pb(2+)的碳微纤维和碳纳米纤维的生产、特性和功效。本研究中制备的第一种吸附剂含有氨（NH(3)）功能化的微米级活性碳纤维（ACF）。或者，第二种吸附剂由 ACF/CNF 多尺度网络组成，通过在活性 ACF 上通过催化化学气相沉积（CVD）和超声生长碳纳米纤维（CNF）来制备，这是为了从 CNF 尖端去除催化颗粒并打开 CNF 的孔。本研究中制备的两种吸附剂，ACF 和 ACF/CNF，通过 SEM-EDX 和 FT-IR 等多种分析技术进行了表征。此外，还测定了材料的化学组成、BET 表面积和孔径分布。碳微纤维和纳米纤维的分级网络对 Pb(2+)的吸附容量大于 ACF。有趣的是，氨（NH(3)）功能化 ACF 对苯酚的吸附容量略大于多尺度 ACF/CNF 网络。吸附剂吸附容量的差异归因于溶质的大小及其对 ACF 和 ACF/CNF 的反应性的差异。结果表明，基于 ACF 的材料是去除废水中无机和有机溶质的有效吸附剂。