The iron-regulated vacuolar MavN protein is a transition-metal transporter.

causes a potentially fatal form of pneumonia by replicating within macrophages in the -containing vacuole (LCV). Bacterial survival and proliferation within the LCV rely on hundreds of secreted effector proteins comprising high functional redundancy. The vacuolar membrane-localized MavN, hypothesized to support iron transport, is unique among effectors because loss-of-function mutations result in severe intracellular growth defects. We show here an iron starvation response by after infection of macrophages that was prematurely induced in the absence of MavN, consistent with MavN granting access to limiting cellular iron stores. MavN cysteine accessibilities to a membrane-impermeant label were determined during macrophage infections, revealing a topological pattern supporting multipass membrane transporter models. Mutations to several highly conserved residues that can take part in metal recognition and transport resulted in defective intracellular growth. Purified MavN and mutant derivatives were directly tested for transporter activity after heterologous purification and liposome reconstitution. Proteoliposomes harboring MavN exhibited robust transport of Fe, with the severity of defect of most mutants closely mimicking the magnitude of defects during intracellular growth. Surprisingly, MavN was equivalently proficient at transporting Fe, Mn, Co, or Zn Consequently, flooding infected cells with either Mn or Zn allowed collaboration with iron to enhance intracellular growth of Δ strains, indicating a clear role for MavN in transporting each of these ions. These findings reveal that MavN is a transition-metal-ion transporter that plays a critical role in response to iron limitation during infection.