Transferrin Receptor Functionally Marks Thermogenic Adipocytes.

BACKGROUND

Thermogenic adipocytes, including beige and brown adipocytes, are critical for thermogenesis and energy homeostasis. Identification of functional cell surface markers of thermogenic adipocytes is of significance for potential application in biological and clinical practices.

METHODS

With a combination of RNA-sequencing of and models, we identified transferrin receptor (Tfr1), a receptor specialized for cellular iron uptake, as a previously unappreciated cell surface molecule for thermogenic adipocytes compared to white adipocytes. The alternation of Tfr1 levels under physiological and pathological stimuli was assessed, and the mitochondria functionality, browning capacity, and iron metabolism of mature adipocytes were examined with knockdown.

RESULTS

Tfr1 was expressed predominantly in thermogenic adipocytes versus white adipocyte, and its expression levels were tightly correlated with the activation or inhibition status of thermogenic adipocytes under external stimuli. Besides, gene deficiency in thermogenic adipocytes led to reduced thermogenic gene programs and mitochondrial integrity.

CONCLUSION

Tfr1 functionally marks thermogenic adipocytes and could serve as a potential thermogenic adipocyte surface marker.