人的一生的日常能量消耗。
Daily energy expenditure through the human life course.
机构信息
Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
出版信息
Science. 2021 Aug 13;373(6556):808-812. doi: 10.1126/science.abe5017.
Abstract
Total daily energy expenditure ("total expenditure") reflects daily energy needs and is a critical variable in human health and physiology, but its trajectory over the life course is poorly studied. We analyzed a large, diverse database of total expenditure measured by the doubly labeled water method for males and females aged 8 days to 95 years. Total expenditure increased with fat-free mass in a power-law manner, with four distinct life stages. Fat-free mass-adjusted expenditure accelerates rapidly in neonates to ~50% above adult values at ~1 year; declines slowly to adult levels by ~20 years; remains stable in adulthood (20 to 60 years), even during pregnancy; then declines in older adults. These changes shed light on human development and aging and should help shape nutrition and health strategies across the life span.
摘要
总能量消耗（“总支出”）反映了日常能量需求，是人类健康和生理学的关键变量，但它在整个生命过程中的轨迹还没有得到很好的研究。我们分析了一个由双标水法测量的总支出的大型、多样化数据库，其中包括 8 天大到 95 岁的男性和女性。总支出以幂律方式随去脂体重增加，有四个明显的生命阶段。去脂体重调整后的支出在新生儿中迅速增加，到 1 岁时达到成人值的 50%以上；到 20 岁时缓慢下降到成人水平；在成年期（20 至 60 岁）保持稳定，即使在怀孕期间也是如此；然后在老年人中下降。这些变化揭示了人类的发育和衰老过程，应该有助于塑造整个生命周期的营养和健康策略。
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