乳腺癌：风险评估、筛查和一级预防。
Breast Cancer: Risk Assessment, Screening, and Primary Prevention.
机构信息
Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3051, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3051, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
出版信息
Med Clin North Am. 2023 Mar;107(2):271-284. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2022.10.007.
This review provides an outline of a risk-based approach to breast cancer screening and prevention. All women should be assessed for breast cancer risk starting at age 18 with identification of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Patients can then be stratified into average, moderate, and high-risk groups with personalized screening and prevention plans. Counseling on breast awareness and lifestyle changes is recommended for all women, regardless of risk category. High-risk individuals may benefit from additional screening modalities such as MRI and chemoprevention and should be managed closely by a multidisciplinary team.
本综述提供了一种基于风险的乳腺癌筛查和预防方法概述。所有女性应从 18 岁开始评估乳腺癌风险，确定可改变和不可改变的危险因素。然后，患者可以根据个人情况分为低危、中危和高危人群，并制定个性化的筛查和预防计划。建议所有女性进行乳房保健和生活方式改变的咨询，无论风险类别如何。高危个体可能受益于额外的筛查方式，如 MRI 和化学预防，应由多学科团队密切管理。
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