麦冬及其活性成分：潜在抗癌作用及作用机制研究进展。
Ophiopogon japonicus and its active compounds: A review of potential anticancer effects and underlying mechanisms.
机构信息
Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China.
Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China.
出版信息
Phytomedicine. 2023 May;113:154718. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154718. Epub 2023 Feb 16.
BACKGROUND
Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker Gawl., a well-known Chinese herb, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Extensive in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that O. japonicus and its active compounds exhibit potential anticancer effects in a variety of cancer cells in vitro and suppress tumor growth and metastasis without causing serious toxicity in vivo.
PURPOSE
This review aims to systemically summarize and discuss the anticancer effects and the underlying mechanisms of O. japonicus extracts and its active compounds.
METHODS
The review is prepared following the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Various scientific databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched using the keywords: Ophiopogon japonicus, tumor, cancer, carcinoma, content, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity.
RESULTS
O. japonicus extracts and the active compounds, such as ruscogenin-1-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→2)][β-d-xylopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-d-fucopyranoside (DT-13), ophiopogonin B, and ophiopogonin D, exert potential anticancer effects, including the induction of cell cycle arrest, activation of apoptosis and autophagy, and inhibition of metastasis and angiogenesis. In addition, the mechanisms underlying these effects, as well as the pharmacokinetics, toxicity and clinical utility of O. japonicus extracts and active compounds are discussed. Furthermore, this review highlights the research and application prospects of these compounds in immunotherapy and combination chemotherapy.
CONCLUSIONS
The traditional herb O. japonicus and its phytochemicals could be safe and reliable anticancer drug candidates, alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs. We hope that this review, which highlights the anticancer properties of O. japonicus, will contribute to drug optimization, therapeutic development, and future studies on cancer therapies based on this medicinal plant.
背景
麦冬（Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker Gawl.）是一种著名的中草药，在中国传统医学中已有数千年的应用历史。广泛的体外和体内研究表明，麦冬及其活性化合物在体外对多种癌细胞具有潜在的抗癌作用，并能抑制肿瘤生长和转移，而在体内不会引起严重的毒性。
目的
本综述旨在系统总结和讨论麦冬提取物及其活性化合物的抗癌作用及其潜在机制。
方法
本综述遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目指南进行准备。使用关键词“麦冬、肿瘤、癌症、癌、含量、药代动力学、毒性”，在 Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus 和中国国家知识基础设施等各种科学数据库中进行搜索。
结果
麦冬提取物及其活性化合物，如鲁斯可苷元-1-O-[β-d-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)][β-d-吡喃木糖基(1→3)]-β-d-夫吡喃糖苷（DT-13）、麦冬皂苷 B 和麦冬皂苷 D，具有潜在的抗癌作用，包括诱导细胞周期停滞、激活细胞凋亡和自噬、抑制转移和血管生成。此外，还讨论了这些作用的机制以及麦冬提取物及其活性化合物的药代动力学、毒性和临床应用。此外，本综述还强调了这些化合物在免疫治疗和联合化疗中的研究和应用前景。
结论
传统草药麦冬及其植物化学物质可能是安全可靠的抗癌药物候选物，单独或与化疗药物联合使用。我们希望本综述强调麦冬的抗癌特性，有助于药物优化、治疗开发以及基于这种药用植物的癌症治疗的未来研究。
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