Shea M Kyla, Strath Larissa, Kim Minjee, Ðoàn Lan N, Booth Sarah L, Brinkley Tina E, Kritchevsky Stephen B
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States.
College of Medicine, Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, the University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Pain Research and Intervention Center of Excellence, the University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Adv Nutr. 2024 Apr;15(4):100199. doi: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100199. Epub 2024 Mar 1.
Within 20 y, the number of adults in the United States over the age of 65 y is expected to more than double and the number over age 85 y is expected to more than triple. The risk for most chronic diseases and disabilities increases with age, so this demographic shift carries significant implications for the individual, health care providers, and population health. Strategies that delay or prevent the onset of age-related diseases are becoming increasingly important. Although considerable progress has been made in understanding the contribution of nutrition to healthy aging, it has become increasingly apparent that much remains to be learned, especially because the aging process is highly variable. Most federal nutrition programs and nutrition research studies define all adults over age 65 y as "older" and do not account for physiological and metabolic changes that occur throughout older adulthood that influence nutritional needs. Moreover, the older adult population is becoming more racially and ethnically diverse, so cultural preferences and other social determinants of health need to be considered. The Research Centers Collaborative Network sponsored a 1.5-d multidisciplinary workshop that included sessions on dietary patterns in health and disease, timing and targeting interventions, and health disparities and the social context of diet and food choice. The agenda and presentations can be found at https://www.rccn-aging.org/nutrition-2023-rccn-workshop. Here we summarize the workshop's themes and discussions and highlight research gaps that if filled will considerably advance our understanding of the role of nutrition in healthy aging.
在20年内,预计美国65岁以上的成年人数量将增加一倍多,85岁以上的成年人数量将增加两倍多。大多数慢性病和残疾的风险会随着年龄的增长而增加,因此这种人口结构的转变对个人、医疗保健提供者和人群健康都有着重大影响。延缓或预防与年龄相关疾病发作的策略变得越来越重要。尽管在理解营养对健康老龄化的作用方面已经取得了相当大的进展,但越来越明显的是,仍有许多有待了解的地方,尤其是因为衰老过程具有高度可变性。大多数联邦营养项目和营养研究将所有65岁以上的成年人定义为“老年人”,并未考虑到在整个老年期发生的影响营养需求的生理和代谢变化。此外,老年人群体在种族和民族上越来越多样化,因此需要考虑文化偏好和其他健康的社会决定因素。研究中心协作网络主办了一次为期1.5天的多学科研讨会,其中包括关于健康与疾病中的饮食模式、干预的时机和目标以及健康差异与饮食和食物选择的社会背景等环节。议程和演讲内容可在https://www.rccn-aging.org/nutrition-2023-rccn-workshop上查看。在此,我们总结了研讨会的主题和讨论内容,并强调了研究空白,如果填补这些空白,将极大地推动我们对营养在健康老龄化中的作用的理解。