DNA 和 RNA 疫苗的全面比较。
A comprehensive comparison of DNA and RNA vaccines.
机构信息
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, United States.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, United States.
出版信息
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2024 Jul;210:115340. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115340. Epub 2024 May 27.
Nucleic acid technology has revolutionized vaccine development, enabling rapid design and production of RNA and DNA vaccines for prevention and treatment of diseases. The successful deployment of mRNA and plasmid DNA vaccines against COVID-19 has further validated the technology. At present, mRNA platform is prevailing due to its higher efficacy, while DNA platform is undergoing rapid evolution because it possesses unique advantages that can potentially overcome the problems associated with the mRNA platform. To help understand the recent performances of the two vaccine platforms and recognize their clinical potentials in the future, this review compares the advantages and drawbacks of mRNA and DNA vaccines that are currently known in the literature, in terms of development timeline, financial cost, ease of distribution, efficacy, safety, and regulatory approval of products. Additionally, the review discusses the ongoing clinical trials, strategies for improvement, and alternative designs of RNA and DNA platforms for vaccination.
核酸技术已经彻底改变了疫苗的开发，使得 RNA 和 DNA 疫苗能够快速设计和生产，用于预防和治疗疾病。mRNA 和质粒 DNA 疫苗在 COVID-19 中的成功应用进一步验证了该技术。目前，由于 mRNA 平台具有更高的功效，因此它占据主导地位，而 DNA 平台正在快速发展，因为它具有独特的优势，有可能克服与 mRNA 平台相关的问题。为了帮助了解这两种疫苗平台的最新表现，并认识到它们在未来的临床潜力，本文综述比较了目前文献中已知的 mRNA 和 DNA 疫苗在开发时间、财务成本、分发便利性、功效、安全性和产品监管批准方面的优缺点。此外，还讨论了正在进行的临床试验、改进策略以及 RNA 和 DNA 平台的替代设计用于疫苗接种。
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