皮肤鳞状细胞癌的突变和微环境格局：综述

The Mutational and Microenvironmental Landscape of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Review.

作者信息

Hosseini Tara M, Park Soo J, Guo Theresa

机构信息

Gleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

出版信息

Cancers (Basel). 2024 Aug 21;16(16):2904. doi: 10.3390/cancers16162904.

DOI:10.3390/cancers16162904

PMID:39199674

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11352924/

Abstract

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) manifests through the complex interactions of UV-induced DNA damage, genetic mutations, and alterations in the tumor microenvironment. A high mutational burden is present in cSCC, as well as both cSCC precursors and normal skin, making driver genes difficult to differentiate. Despite this, several key driver genes have been identified, including TP53, the NOTCH family, CDKN2A, PIK3CA, and EGFR. In addition to mutations, the tumor microenvironment and the manipulation and evasion of the immune system play a critical role in cSCC progression. Novel therapeutic approaches, such as immunotherapy and EGFR inhibitors, have been used to target these dysregulations, and have shown promise in treating advanced cSCC cases, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions considering both genetic and microenvironmental factors for improved patient outcomes.

摘要

皮肤鳞状细胞癌（cSCC）通过紫外线诱导的DNA损伤、基因突变以及肿瘤微环境改变之间的复杂相互作用表现出来。cSCC以及cSCC前驱病变和正常皮肤中均存在高突变负担，这使得驱动基因难以区分。尽管如此，已鉴定出几个关键的驱动基因，包括TP53、NOTCH家族、CDKN2A、PIK3CA和EGFR。除了突变外，肿瘤微环境以及免疫系统的操控和逃避在cSCC进展中起关键作用。新型治疗方法，如免疫疗法和EGFR抑制剂，已被用于针对这些失调情况，并且在治疗晚期cSCC病例中显示出前景，这强调了考虑遗传和微环境因素进行靶向干预以改善患者预后的必要性。