Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of the MADS-Box Gene During Flowering in .

is a promising candidate for eco-bottle flowers, yet the genes related to flowering remain unexplored despite the availability of genomic data for several years. genes constitute a large family of transcription factors that play crucial roles in plant growth and development, particularly in flower development. In this study, we identified 84 genes () in genome and analyzed their evolution and expression profiles to gain insights into the flowering mechanism. The 84 genes constitute 29 type I and 55 type II genes. Phylogenetic analysis further classified them into 17 subfamilies, which were randomly distributed across 18 chromosomes and four scaffolds. genes exhibit a range of 1 to 12 exons and share conserved motifs. Segmental duplication was found to be the primary driver of gene family expansion, with duplicated gene pairs undergoing purifying selection. -acting elements analysis revealed promoters harbor abiotic stress-, hormone-, light-, and growth-related motifs, implicating roles in development and environmental adaptation in . RNA-seq showed distinct expression patterns of genes among different tissues or developmental stages. The results of qRT-PCR analysis of selected genes further validated the RNA-seq findings, suggesting these genes may exert distinct functional roles during floral development. This study laid a theoretical foundation for further functional studies of the genes in .