血糖负荷的变化与波多黎各女性的应激标志物的微小变化呈正相关。

Changes in Glycemic Load Are Positively Associated with Small Changes in Primary Stress Markers of Allostatic Load in Puerto Rican Women.

机构信息

Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.

Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.

出版信息

J Nutr. 2020 Mar 1;150(3):554-559. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxz260.

DOI:10.1093/jn/nxz260

PMID:31665370

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7308622/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Puerto Ricans experience a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Dietary glycemic load (GL) and allostatic load (AL) have been linked with diabetes. AL, the wear and tear on the body from chronic stress, starts with secretion of primary stress markers from activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, sympathetic nervous system (SNS), and immune system. GL can act as a physiological stressor, contributing to the primary AL response.

OBJECTIVE

We examined the relation between GL and a composite score of primary stress markers of AL in Puerto Rican adults.

METHODS

Data were from the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study, a cohort study of Puerto Ricans, aged 45-75 y, including 262 men and 697 women with complete data at baseline and 2-y follow-up. GL was calculated from dietary intake obtained with an FFQ. Sex-specific composite primary AL scores included markers of the HPA axis (cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate), SNS (epinephrine and norepinephrine), and immune system (C-reactive protein). Linear regression models were stratified by sex and adjusted for covariates.

RESULTS

Mean ± SD baseline GL score was 155 ± 28 for men and 135 ± 34 for women. Mean primary stress AL score was 1.25 ± 1.14 for men and 1.25 ± 1.06 for women. GL was not associated with AL score in men. In women, increasing GL from baseline to 2 y was significantly associated with increasing AL, after adjusting for sociodemographics, physical activity, smoking, BMI, menopause, and baseline AL score (β = 0.03; P = 0.049). Results became marginally significant after further adjustment for chronic diseases (P = 0.06) and intake of fats (P values: saturated fats = 0.08; trans fats = 0.06; unsaturated fats = 0.07), but the magnitude of the association remained unchanged.

CONCLUSIONS

Increasing GL over 2 y was positively associated with increasing composite score of primary markers of AL in Puerto Rican women. More studies are needed to confirm our findings.

摘要

背景

波多黎各人患 2 型糖尿病的比例较高。饮食血糖负荷（GL）和全身应激负荷（AL）与糖尿病有关。AL 是指由于慢性应激导致的下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴、交感神经系统（SNS）和免疫系统的初始应激标志物的分泌而导致的身体损耗。GL 可以作为一种生理性应激源，导致初始 AL 反应。

目的

我们研究了波多黎各成年人 GL 与 AL 的初始应激标志物综合评分之间的关系。

方法

数据来自波士顿波多黎各健康研究，这是一项对 45-75 岁波多黎各人的队列研究，其中包括 262 名男性和 697 名女性，他们在基线和 2 年随访时均有完整的数据。GL 是根据食物频率问卷（FFQ）获得的饮食摄入量计算得出的。按性别分层的特定复合初始 AL 评分包括 HPA 轴（皮质醇和硫酸脱氢表雄酮）、SNS（肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素）和免疫系统（C 反应蛋白）的标志物。线性回归模型按性别进行分层，并根据协变量进行调整。

结果

男性的平均基线 GL 评分±SD 为 155±28，女性为 135±34。男性的平均初始应激 AL 评分±SD 为 1.25±1.14，女性为 1.25±1.06。GL 与男性的 AL 评分无关。在女性中，从基线到 2 年 GL 增加与 AL 增加显著相关，调整了社会人口统计学因素、身体活动、吸烟、BMI、绝经和基线 AL 评分后（β=0.03；P=0.049）。进一步调整慢性病（P=0.06）和脂肪摄入量（饱和脂肪 P 值=0.08；反式脂肪 P 值=0.06；不饱和脂肪 P 值=0.07）后，结果变得略微显著，但关联的幅度保持不变。