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亚磺酰氮丙啶作为致癌转录因子MYC的立体选择性共价失稳降解剂

Sulfinyl Aziridines as Stereoselective Covalent Destabilizing Degraders of the Oncogenic Transcription Factor MYC.

作者信息

Rosen Hannah T, Li Kelvin, Li Erin L, Currier Brynne, Brittain Scott M, Garcia Francisco J, Beard Diana C, Haenni-Holzinger Sandra, Dovala Dustin, McKenna Jeffrey M, Schirle Markus, Maimone Thomas J, Nomura Daniel K

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.

Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.

出版信息

bioRxiv. 2025 Feb 27:2025.02.24.639755. doi: 10.1101/2025.02.24.639755.

Abstract

While MYC is a significant oncogenic transcription factor driver of cancer, directly targeting MYC has remained challenging due to its intrinsic disorder and poorly defined structure, deeming it "undruggable." Whether transient pockets formed within intrinsically disordered and unstructured regions of proteins can be selectively targeted with small molecules remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we developed a bespoke stereochemically-paired spirocyclic oxindole aziridine covalent library and screened this library for degradation of MYC. Through this screen, we identified a hit covalent ligand KL2-236, bearing a unique sulfinyl aziridine warhead, that engaged MYC as pure MYC/MAX protein complex and in cancer cells to destabilize MYC, inhibit MYC transcriptional activity and degrade MYC in a proteasome-dependent manner through targeting intrinsically disordered C203 and D205 residues. Notably, this reactivity was most pronounced for specific stereoisomers of KL2-236 with a diastereomer KL4-019 that was largely inactive. Mutagenesis of both C203 and D205 completely attenuated KL2-236-mediated MYC degradation. We have also optimized our initial KL2-236 hit compound to generate a more durable MYC degrader KL4-219A in cancer cells. Our results reveal a novel ligandable site within MYC and indicate that certain intrinsically disordered regions within high-value protein targets, such as MYC, can be interrogated by isomerically unique chiral small molecules, leading to destabilization and degradation.

摘要

虽然MYC是癌症的一种重要致癌转录因子驱动因素,但由于其内在无序性和结构定义不明确,直接靶向MYC仍然具有挑战性,这使其被认为“难以成药”。蛋白质内在无序和无结构区域内形成的瞬时口袋是否可以被小分子选择性靶向,仍然是一个突出的挑战。在这里,我们开发了一个定制的立体化学配对的螺环氧化吲哚氮丙啶共价文库,并对该文库进行筛选以降解MYC。通过这个筛选,我们鉴定出一个命中的共价配体KL2-236,它带有一个独特的亚磺酰氮丙啶弹头,该弹头以纯MYC/MAX蛋白复合物的形式与MYC结合,并在癌细胞中使MYC不稳定,抑制MYC转录活性,并通过靶向内在无序的C203和D205残基以蛋白酶体依赖性方式降解MYC。值得注意的是,这种反应性对于KL2-236的特定立体异构体最为明显,而其非对映异构体KL4-019基本无活性。C203和D205的诱变完全减弱了KL2-236介导的MYC降解。我们还优化了最初的KL2-236命中化合物,以在癌细胞中生成一种更持久的MYC降解剂KL4-219A。我们的结果揭示了MYC内一个新的可配体位点,并表明高价值蛋白质靶点(如MYC)内的某些内在无序区域可以通过异构体独特的手性小分子进行探究,从而导致其不稳定和降解。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3b3c/11888305/adaed4a84f5c/nihpp-2025.02.24.639755v1-f0001.jpg

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